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Chapter 3

... and the echo follows
an essay with photos by nic paget-clarke

The following endnotes are from the book ... and the echo follows: an essay with photos by nic paget-clarke. They are placed online here so that if you are reading the book (and you are near a computer) you can click on the links mentioned in the Endnotes and Resource section of the book and study the reference material. Visit the book's website here.
Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5

128.

In the interview mentioned in the caption, Lilian Hill describes the cob technique: "The technique that we are using for the walls is a material called cob which is a mixture of sand, clay, straw and water and we mix it in a proportion so that it all binds together -- similar to bread dough or pottery clay. It's a house that you sculpt together and use your entire body. You use your entire body. There's no machinery involved in it. The house is handmade, made with the hands and the feet of the community, and the family, and visitors who have come." Interview with Wahleah Johns and Lilian Hill of the Black Mesa Water Coalition: Sustainable Development -- It's Old But It's New. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke, June 13, 2004 in Kykotsmovi, Hopi Nation, Arizona. Published in In Motion Magazine July 1, 2004. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/wj_lh_int.html

129. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Wahleah Johns and Lilian Hill.

130. Interview with Ela Gandhi: The Gandhian View on Sustainable Development. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke, August 26, 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Published in In Motion Magazine December 3, 2002. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/eg1.html

131. An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth by M. K. Gandhi, page xiv. Published in 1927 by Navajivan Publishing House, the Navajivan Trust, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. http://www.navajivantrust.org/

132. M. K. Gandhi, page 137.

133.

M. K. Gandhi, page 293.

134. M. K. Gandhi, page 215.

135. M. K. Gandhi, page 443.

136. M. K. Gandhi, page 450.

137. Loot: In Search of the East India Company by Nick Robins. Published in openDemocracy, January 22, 2003. http://www.opendemocracy.net/theme_7-corporations/article_904.jsp

138. Interview with Gustavo Esteva: The Society of the Different -- Part 1: The Center of the World. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke, September 6-7, 2005, in Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico. Published in In Motion Magazine April 8, 2006. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/gest_int_1.html

139. Originally reported as five.

140. Sixth Declaration of the Lacandon Jungle by the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN). From the mountains of the Mexican Southeast. Translated from Spanish to English by irlandesa. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/auto/selva6.html

141. Zapatistas In Mexico City To Promote The Indigenous Bill Of Rights. Photographs by Danny Turner-Lloveras, Mexico City, Mexico. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/mdf/mdf.html

142. Interview with Ela Bhatt, Founder of the Self Employed Women’s Association (SEWA): A Good Combination of Struggle and Constructive Work Create, as a Strategy, Alternative Economic Organizations. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke August 31, 2003, in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Published in In Motion Magazine December 18, 2003. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/ebhatt_int1.html

143. Interview with Jayshree Vyas, Managing Director of SEWA Bank: To Come Out Of This Vicious Cycle Of Poverty. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke August 29, 2003, in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Published in In Motion Magazine January 1, 2004. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/jv_int1.html

144. SEWA Bank August 2001 Information Packet, page 1.

145. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Ela Bhatt.

146. Wikipedia entry for Ganesha -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganesha

147. Interview with Severine Macedo, Youth Representative of FETRAF-SUL: Independent Alternatives for Rural Youth. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke August 29, 2004, in Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The Portuguese/English interpreter was Agnes Vercauteren. Published in In Motion Magazine July 30, 2005. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/sm_fetraf_int.html

148. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Ela Bhatt.

149. Interview with Altemir Tortelli, General Coordinator of FETRAF-SUL: “When Cooperative Structures Are The Instrument” and Autonomy. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke August 29, 2004, in Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The Portuguese/English interpreter was Agnes Vercauteren. Published in In Motion Magazine April 24, 2005.
http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/at_fetraf_int.html

150. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Severine Macedo.

151. "Us" were: Agnes Vercauteren who interpreted and is the FETRAF-SUL officer for international relations; Alexander Bergamin, president of CINTRAF, the local Chapecó union of family farmers; Luc Vankrunkelsven; and myself.

152. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Altemir Tortelli.
153. Declaración de Asunción – IV Encuentro Internacional de Pequeños Productores de Soya y la Sociedad Civil, 6,7, y 8 de Febrero del 2008, Asunción - Paraguay. Componentes: FETRAF-SUL -- Federação dos Trabalhadores na Agricultura Familiar da Região Sul (Brasil); COPEP -- Central de Organizaciones de Productores Ecológicos de Paraguay; CNFR -- Comisión Nacional de Fomento Rural (Uruguay); ACIPACC -- Asociación Comunitaria Integral de Productores Agropecuarios de Cuatro Cañadas (Bolivia); ASPANORS -- Asociación de Productores Agropecuarios del Norte del Sara (Bolivia). Organizaciones de Apoyo: PROBIOMA (Bolivia); SER -- Sociedad de Estudios Rurales (Paraguay); TEKOKATU (Paraguay); SOLIDARIDAD (Holanda).

154. Interview with Bertha Blanco of Bartolina Sisa / National Federation of Campesina Women of Bolivia / IPSP Department: For the Sovereignty of the Peoples – Part 1: Defense of the Peoples. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke September 7, 2006, in La Paz, Bolivia. The interview was conducted in Spanish, transcribed by Elena Carrillo, and translated into English by Janet Doyle. Published in In Motion Magazine February 25, 2007.
In English: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/bb_int_1eng.html
In Spanish: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/bb_int_1esp.html

155. Krebs, page 139.

156. Celebration of Zapatismo by Gustavo Esteva, CEDI, August 2004, This article is an edited version of an essay written for Multiversity & Citizens International.

157. Peter Rosset is a researcher at the Center for the Study of Change in the Mexican Countryside (CECCAM). CECCAM is a non-profit organization, which supports the peasant movement in Mexico. He is also the co-coordinator of the Land Research Action Network http://www.landaction.org

158. Interview with Peter Rosset of CECCAM and Land Research Action Network: Agrarian Reform, Land Reform, Food Sovereignty. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke April 15, 2005, in San Felipe, Yaracuy, Venezuela. Published in In Motion Magazine July 4, 2005. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/p_rosset_int.html

159. Naomi Klein defines and pinpoints the coining of "Washington Consensus" on page 163 of her book The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism. It is the encapsulation and international promotion of Milton Friedman’s advocacy of privatization, deregulation (a facilitator of free trade), and government spending cuts.

160. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Peter Rosset.

161. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Geraldo Fontes – Part 1.

162. As evidence of the MST's implementation of what Fontes is saying here, I re-quote from the official English-language website of the MST: "The MST has won land titles for more than 350,000 families in 2,000 settlements as a result of MST actions, and 180,000 encamped families currently await government recognition." Also, the MST points out that the Brazilian constitution says that land that remains unproductive should be used for a larger social function. http://www.mstbrazil.org/?q=about

163. Our Homage To Commandant Bartolina Sisa, Incorruptible Aymara Leader by Iván Ignacio, Aboriginal Andean Nations Council / CANO (Consejo Andino de Naciones Originarias) -- http://www.pusinsuyu.com/english/html/bartolina_sisa_english.html

164. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Bertha Blanco, Part 1.

165. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Bertha Blanco, Part 1.

166. Law 1,715 of the National Service of Agrarian Reform promulgated October 18, 1996. Bolivia: Government Takes Up Challenge of Land Reform by Franz Chávez, March 8, 2006, Inter Press Service News Agency. http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=32429

167. Interview with Piedad Guallpa of FAMAS (Agroecological Front of Women Artesans of Shagalpud): Medicinal Ointments: the Knowledge of the Ancestral People. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke September 4, 2007, in the FAMAS house in Shagalpud, Cañar Province, Ecuador. The interview was translated from Spanish to English by Mónica Fernández with later editing by Janet Doyle. Published in In Motion Magazine February 21, 2009.
In English: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/pg_int_eng.html
In Spanish:
http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/pg_int_esp.html

168. Interview with Bertha Blanco of Bartolina Sisa / National Federation of Campesina Women of Bolivia / IPSP Department: For the Sovereignty of the Peoples -- Part 2: The History of Our Ancestors / Time to Take Responsibility for Political Decisions. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke September 7, 2006, in La Paz, Bolivia. The interview was conducted in Spanish, transcribed by Elena Carrillo, and translated into English by Janet Doyle. Published in In Motion Magazine March 6, 2007.
In English: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/bb_int_2eng.html/
In Spanish: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/bb_int_2esp.html

169. La Gran Victoria Boliviana by Adolfo Sanchez Rebolledo, December 10, 2009, Opinión section, La Jornada. Also: Evo Morales Wins Landslide Victory in Bolivian Presidential Elections by Rory Carroll and Andres Schipani, December 7, 2009, guardian.co.uk -- http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/dec/07/morales-presidential-victory

170. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Bertha Blanco, Part 2.

171. Interview with Diógenes Lucio of FENOCIN, The National Confederation of Peasant, Indigenous, and Black Organizations: Agroecology and the Andean Cosmovision. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke August 30, 2007, in Quito, Ecuador. The interview was translated into English by Nic Paget-Clarke and Janet Doyle. Published in In Motion Magazine April 10, 2009.
In English: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/dl_int_eng.html
In Spanish: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/dl_int_esp.html

172. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diógenes Lucio.

173. Interview with Xochimilco Zapatista and Puente a la Esperanza / Aide, Angelica and Victor: Where Dreams Can Be Created, Constructed. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke September 3, 2005, in Mexico City, Mexico. The Spanish/English interpreter was Brook Thompson. Published in In Motion Magazine August 7, 2006. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/mdfz_int_1.html

174. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Xochimilco Zapatista and Puente a la Esperanza.
175. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Xochimilco Zapatista and Puente a la Esperanza.
176. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Dr. Luis Macas.
177. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Bertha Blanco, Part 1.
178. Interview with Melquiades Cruz: A Zapoteco Community in Sierra Norte / Webs of Flowers. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke September 7, 2005, in Oaxaca City, Oaxaca, Mexico. The Spanish/English interpreter was Daniel Perera. Published in In Motion Magazine August 24, 2006. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/mck_int_1.html

179. M. K. Gandhi, text on back of book cover, An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth.

Published in In Motion Magazine February 21, 2011