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Endnotes and Resources Online:
Chapter 5

... and the echo follows
an essay with photos by nic paget-clarke

The following endnotes are from the book ... and the echo follows: an essay with photos by nic paget-clarke. They are placed online here so that if you are reading the book (and you are near a computer) you can click on the links mentioned in the Endnotes and Resource section of the book and study the reference material. Visit the book's website here.
Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 | Chapter 4 | Chapter 5

294.

The turn of a phrase "An affirmation of equality" I learned from Diamantino Nhampossa's "The affirmation of nationality was very important."

295. Interview with Julio dos Santos Pessego of UNAC and UCASN: An Understanding of Associations. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 27, 2008 in Lichinga, Niassa, Mozambique. The Portuguese/English interpreter was Edgar Basilio Ussene. Published in In Motion Magazine January 20, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/jds_pessego_int.html

296. Lake Profile: Malawi (Nyasa, Niassa), LakeNet. http://www.worldlakes.org/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8350

297. Paget-Clarke, Food Sovereignty: A Glimpse of the Peasant and Small Farmer Association Movement in Mozambique (See endnote 104.)

298. "See, think, act!" Korean women work for peace, Women and Life on Earth. http://www.wloe.org/women-and-korea.140.0.html
Also see:
PeaceWomen Across the Globe http://www.1000peacewomen.org/eng/aktuell.php

299.

Interview with Yoon, Geum-Soon of the Korean Women Peasants Association: Women’s Rights Are A Precondition to Food Sovereignty. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 22-23, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. The Korean/English interpreters were H.J. Park and B.S. Kim. Published in In Motion Magazine April 14, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/yoon_gs_int.html

300. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Yoon, Geum-Soon.

301. Interview with Cosma Bulu of Tanzania’s MVIWATA: The Role of Local Markets, the Life of Rural Women. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 21, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine April 21, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/c_bulu_int.html.

302. Bolivian women spearhead Morales revolution by Andres Schipani, BBC News, Thursday, 11 February 2010 – http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8498081.stm

303. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Cosma Bulu

304. The Global Food Crisis and the Right to Food by Henry Saragih. Delivered on behalf of La Vía Campesina to the United Nations General Assembly in New York on April 6, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/h_saragih_un040609.html

305. Saragih, The Global Food Crisis and the Right to Food.

306. Crushing rocks to make a sand substitute in Tamil Nadu, India. Making a sand substitute helps to preserve riverbeds because construction corporations are taking sand. See endnote 207.

307. Interview with Henry Saragih, General Coordinator of La Vía Campesina and Chairman of the Indonesian Peasant Union: Not Wait for the Changing of Our Society Through the Government. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 18, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine April 14, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/h_saragih_int.html

308. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Henry Saragih.

309. Interview with S. Kannaiyan of India’s Tamizhaga Vivasayigal Sangam: Democratic Decentralization of the Means of Production. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 23, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine
April 14, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/s_kannaiyan_int.html

310. Interview with Faustino Torrez of Nicaragua’s Association of Rural Workers: Part 1 – The People and Their Land. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on July 1, 2008 in Managua, Nicaragua. Published in In Motion Magazine December 18, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/f_torrez_int1.html

311. Nicaragua’s literacy campaign by Dr. Ulrike Hanemann, UNESCO Institute for Education, March, 2005. This paper was commissioned by the Education for All Global Monitoring Report.

312. Mozambique President Armando Guebuza helped to formally begin the Vía Campesina conference. Here he is with Vía Campesina General Coordinator Henry Saragih (left) and Rafael Alegria, a Vía Campesina leader from Honduras. Rafael Alegria works with the CNTC (Central Nacional de Trabajadores del Campo.)

313. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Faustino Torrez.

314. Interview with Paul Nicholson, Member of the Basque Country’s EHNE: Food Sovereignty and a New Way of Internal Democracy. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 17, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine February 23, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/p_nicholson_int.html

315. Interview with Ben Burkett of the National Family Farm Coalition in the U.S.: Civil Rights, Market Cooperatives, Buying Networks. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 22, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine May 25, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/b_burkett_int.html

316. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Ben Burkett

317. See endnotes 167 and 171 for interviews with both FAMAS and FENOCIN. Also see more photos on page 70.

318. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Ben Burkett

319. Firesign Theater -- http://www.firesigntheatre.com/
320. Arrighi, Adam Smith in Beijing, pages 314-336.

321. Arrighi, Adam Smith in Beijing, page 336.

322. Arrighi, Adam Smith in Beijing, pages 234, 315.

323. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, page 577. Originally published in 1776. This edition published in 1991 by Prometheus Books, Amherst, New York.

324. Farewell Radio and Television Address to the American People, by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, January 17, 1961. Here is an extract: "This conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry is new in the American experience. The total influence-economic, political, even spiritual -- is felt in every city, every State house, every office of the Federal government. We recognize the imperative need for this development. Yet we must not fail to comprehend its grave implications. Our toil, resources and livelihood are all involved; so is the very structure of our society. In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex. The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist." http://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/All_About_Ike/Speeches/Farewell_Address.pdf

325. U.S. presidents who were generals: Chester A. Arthur, Dwight D. Eisenhower, James A. Garfield, Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, Andrew Jackson, Andrew Johnson, Benjamin Harrison, William H. Harrison, Franklin Pierce, Zachary Taylor, George Washington. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Presidents_by_military_rank

326. Fisherman Fernado Vasco Machago has been a fisherman for ten years in Maputo Bay in southern Mozambique. He runs this small fishing business with a boat for fishing close to shore and another for deeper waters. For more photos see http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/pow_files/filephoto413.html

327. Arrighi, Adam Smith in Beijing, page 316.

328. Smith, page 5 (1991 publisher’s biography of Adam Smith).

329. Smith, page 6 (1991 publisher’s biography of Adam Smith).

330. Smith, page 68 and page 36.

331. Smith, page 53 and page 217.

332. Arrighi, Adam Smith in Beijing, pages 47-48.

333. Smith, page 430.

334. Smith, page 437.

335. Smith, page 426.

336. Smith, page 324.

337. Smith, page 416.

338. Smith, page 420.

339. ASARBOLSEM – Asociación Artesanal Boliviana Señor de Mayo

340. Bolivian FT advocate appointed minister of development, World Fair Trade Organization website, February 26 2010 -- http://www.wfto.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1141&Itemid=314

341. Smith, 1991 publisher’s book jacket.

342. Smith, page 420.

343. Smith, page 587.

344. Smith, pages 582-585.

345. Smith, page 578.

346. Smith, page 587.

347. Smith, page 580.

348. Smith, page 586.

349. Smith, pages 589-90.

350. CNOP -- Coordination Nationale des Organisations Paysannes.

351. Interview with Ibrahima Coulibaly of Mali’s CNOP / National Coordination of Peasant Organizations: To Gain Control of the Social Basis of the Economy. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 22, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. The French/English interpreter was Judith Hitchman. The edited interview was translated from English back into French by Audrey Mouysset. Published in In Motion Magazine August 17, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/i_coulibaly_int.html.

352. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Ibrahima Coulibaly

353. Interview with Logan Perkins of the organization Food For Maine’s Future: Local Economies and a Just Food System. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 20, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine August 14, 2009.
http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/l_perkins_int.html

354. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Logan Perkins.

355. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Logan Perkins.

356. Holloway, 1968 and Doors to New Worlds. (See endnote 189.)

357. Smith, page 88.

358. The Agenda and Direction of the Anti-systemic Movements by Gustavo Esteva. Speech delivered at the First International Colloquium In Memory of Andrés Aubry, "Planet Earth: Antisystemic Movements." San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico, December 2007. Translation from Spanish to English by El Kilombo Intergaláctico.
In Spanish: http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/gest_811_a.html.
In English: http://www.elkilombo.org/anti-systemic-movements/

359. Human Rights: The Trojan Horse of Recolonization, Chapter 4 of Grassroots Post-Modernism, Remaking the Soil of Cultures by Gustavo Esteva and Madhu Suri Prakash. Published in 1998 by Zed Books Ltd, London and New York.

360. See endnote 295 for Interview with Julio dos Santos Pessego

361. National Peasants’ Union of Mozambique / União Nacional de Camponeses Moçambique -- UNAC http://www.unac.org.mz/.

362. I was told this in Mozambique, but, also please see page 203 of The Long Twentieth Century where Arrighi traces the roots of English/Portuguese colonial association. Additionally, an aspect of this can be seen in the quote from Eduardo Galeano’s Open Veins on page 99 of this essay (And The Echo Follows).

363. FRELIMO -- Frente de Libertação de Moçambique / Liberation Front of Mozambique -- http://www.frelimo.org.mz/

364. The war was waged in the name of RENAMO -- Resistência Nacional Moçambicana / Mozambican National Resistance.

365. Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa of the União Nacional de Camponeses / National Peasants’ Union: Organizing Food Sovereignty in Mozambique. Interview conducted by Nic Paget-Clarke on October 18, 2008 in Matola, Mozambique. Published in In Motion Magazine January 16, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/global/d_nhampossa_int.html

366. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

367. Part of a collection of ancient items kept at UTEBA (the Technological Institute at Barinas University) in Barinas, Venezuela. This stone instrument (it rattles when shaken) with a spiral was used in a ceremony with corn by an indigenous (agri)-culture of centuries ago. The Agroecology Institute at UTEBA teaches students who are children of local farmers using a "participatory research" methodology.

368. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

369. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

370. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

371. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

372. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Diamantino Nhampossa.

373. Paget-Clarke, Interview with Xochimilco Zapatista and Puente a la Esperanza

374. Victory for Scotland County Citizens Residents Vote to Reinstate Health Ordinance by Tim Gibbons, Columbia, Missouri. Published in In Motion Magazine August 9, 2009. http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/ra09/tgibbons_2vics09.html

Published in In Motion Magazine August 21, 2011