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Addressing disproportionate representation of minority students in special education placement by refining the referral process by Frank Conahan, Karen Burggraf, Vivian E. Nelson Arden Bailey and Marilyn Ford Charles County Public Schools Department of Special Education La Plata, Maryland References Apple, M. W. (1996). Cultural politics and education. New York: Teachers College Press. Artilles, A. J. (1998). The dilemma of difference: Enhancing the disproportionality discourse with theory and context. Journal of Special Education, 32, 32-36. Artilles, A. J., & Trent, S.C. (2000). Representations of culturally/linguistically diverse students. In C. R. Reynolds, & E. Fletcher-Janzen (Eds), Encyclopedia of Special Education, (2nd ed. , Vol. 1, pp. 513-517). New York: John Wiley & Sons. Chinn, P. C. , & Hughes, S. (1987). Representation of minority students in special education classes. Remedial and Special Education, 8, 41-46. Clarizio, H. F. & Phillips, S. E. (1986). 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Evaluating solutions, monitoring progress and revising intervention plans. Curriculum-Based Measurement: Assessing Special Children, (pp. 153-181). New York: Guilford Publisher, Inc. Grant, P. (1992). Using special education to destroy black boys. The Negro Educational Review, 63, 17-21. Harmon, J. A. , Stockton, T. S. , & Contrucci, V. J. (1992). Gender disparities in special education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Services No. ED 3358 631.) Hosp, J. L. , & Rechly, D. J. (2001, winter). Predictors of restrictiveness of placement for African-American and Caucasian students. Exceptional Children, 68 (2), 225-238. Janzen, M. A. , & Russo, N. F. (1998). Women, work and disability: Opportunities and challenges. Women with disabilities: Essays in psychology, culture and politics, Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Jones, R. L. (Ed) (1976). Mainstreaming and the minority child. Reston, VA: Council for Exceptional Children. Magmer, L. (2000, May-June). 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