Notes
1. In these national and international community-based movements, women are often a plurality of members, leaders, and strategists, an undoubted consequence of the global women’s movement over the past 30 years (Hynes 1998). An international survey of public attitudes about the environment, commissioned by the United Nations Environment Programme, found that women across the world, in industrial and developing countries alike, express more concern over the state of the environment than do men. They also favor more stringent environmental laws and more public spending for environmental protection than do men (Seager 1993). Some of the emergent NGOs are nationwide environmental organizations. The Natural Resources Defense Council is a good example of one that is activist and relatively prominent. But the NRDC and its fellow environmental organizations are not about fundamental social change in the way that Science for the People was. These are reform organizations that seek to improve the system often by addressing single-issue causes. Further, they are less interested in grassroots organizing than they are in policy analysis and Washington DC level politics. There is a role for academic researchers with the national environmental organizations as technical advisors, but not usually as research partners with communities.
2. The 2003 award was given to H. Patricia Hynes and Russ Lopez (course instructors) and Rob Schadt (course advisor in educational technology).
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Hassanatu Blake, Chris Chinn and Mahrukh Mohiuddin for assistance with preparing the manuscript. Doug Brugge’s effort was partially supported by a faculty fellowship from the University College for Citizenship and Public Service at Tufts University.
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Doug Brugge is Associate Professor of Family Medicine and Community Health at Tufts University School of Medicine, USA.
H. Patricia Hynes is Professor of Environmental Health at Boston University School of Public Health, USA.
